Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	15
Number of observations	18835
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	2205
Duplicate rows (%)	11.7%
Total size in memory	3.3 MiB
Average record size in memory	186.4 B

Variable types

Categorical	3
Numeric	12

Alerts

Dataset has 2205 (11.7%) duplicate rows	Duplicates
`song_name` has a high cardinality: 13070 distinct values	High cardinality
`acousticness` is highly correlated with `energy` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`energy` is highly correlated with `acousticness` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`loudness` is highly correlated with `acousticness` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`instrumentalness` is highly correlated with `loudness`	High correlation
`tempo` is highly correlated with `time_signature`	High correlation
`time_signature` is highly correlated with `tempo`	High correlation
`song_popularity` has 272 (1.4%) zeros	Zeros
`instrumentalness` has 7150 (38.0%) zeros	Zeros
`key` has 2182 (11.6%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-10-16 23:23:31.860395
Analysis finished	2022-10-16 23:23:40.226633
Duration	8.37 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.3.0
Download configuration	config.json

song_name
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY

Distinct	13070
Distinct (%)	69.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.3 MiB

Better	21
FEFE (feat. Nicki Minaj & Murda Beatz)	19
MIA (feat. Drake)	18
Taki Taki (with Selena Gomez, Ozuna & Cardi B)	18
No Stylist	17
Other values (13065)	18742

Length

Max length	143
Median length	92
Mean length	16.6173082
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	312987
Distinct characters	308
Distinct categories	18 ?
Distinct scripts	8 ?
Distinct blocks	8 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	10174 ?
Unique (%)	54.0%

Sample

1st row	Boulevard of Broken Dreams
2nd row	In The End
3rd row	Seven Nation Army
4th row	By The Way
5th row	How You Remind Me

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Better	21	0.1%
FEFE (feat. Nicki Minaj & Murda Beatz)	19	0.1%
MIA (feat. Drake)	18	0.1%
Taki Taki (with Selena Gomez, Ozuna & Cardi B)	18	0.1%
No Stylist	17	0.1%
Promises (with Sam Smith)	16	0.1%
Electricity (with Dua Lipa)	16	0.1%
I Love It (& Lil Pump)	16	0.1%
Mo Bamba	16	0.1%
Sunflower - Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse	16	0.1%
Other values (13060)	18662	99.1%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	2458	4.1%
the	1614	2.7%
feat	1496	2.5%
you	1051	1.8%
me	909	1.5%
i	735	1.2%
love	650	1.1%
my	542	0.9%
a	532	0.9%
to	514	0.9%
Other values (9918)	49458	82.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	41124	13.1%
e	29073	9.3%
a	18940	6.1%
o	18724	6.0%
i	16006	5.1%
t	14461	4.6%
n	14373	4.6%
r	12900	4.1%
s	9650	3.1%
l	9621	3.1%
Other values (298)	128115	40.9%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	199910	63.9%
Uppercase Letter	56970	18.2%
Space Separator	41124	13.1%
Other Punctuation	5223	1.7%
Close Punctuation	2427	0.8%
Open Punctuation	2427	0.8%
Decimal Number	2424	0.8%
Dash Punctuation	2116	0.7%
Other Letter	194	0.1%
Currency Symbol	62	< 0.1%
Other values (8)	110	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ا	9	4.6%
ج	3	1.5%
ي	3	1.5%
的	3	1.5%
ر	3	1.5%
ل	3	1.5%
د	3	1.5%
ز	2	1.0%
ン	2	1.0%
花	2	1.0%
Other values (151)	161	83.0%

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	29073	14.5%
a	18940	9.5%
o	18724	9.4%
i	16006	8.0%
t	14461	7.2%
n	14373	7.2%
r	12900	6.5%
s	9650	4.8%
l	9621	4.8%
u	7114	3.6%
Other values (49)	49048	24.5%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
S	4608	8.1%
T	4370	7.7%
M	4297	7.5%
L	3597	6.3%
B	3513	6.2%
A	3112	5.5%
R	2948	5.2%
I	2889	5.1%
D	2790	4.9%
C	2730	4.8%
Other values (25)	22116	38.8%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
.	2122	40.6%
'	1507	28.9%
&	511	9.8%
,	506	9.7%
?	124	2.4%
!	123	2.4%
/	113	2.2%
"	92	1.8%
:	47	0.9%
*	41	0.8%
Other values (8)	37	0.7%

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	555	22.9%
2	490	20.2%
1	487	20.1%
9	248	10.2%
5	140	5.8%
3	118	4.9%
4	110	4.5%
6	99	4.1%
8	89	3.7%
7	88	3.6%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	2373	97.8%
]	52	2.1%
》	2	0.1%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	2373	97.8%
[	52	2.1%
《	2	0.1%

Currency Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
$	60	96.8%
£	1	1.6%
¥	1	1.6%

Math Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
+	13	56.5%
\|	9	39.1%
<	1	4.3%

Final Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
’	54	90.0%
”	6	10.0%

Initial Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
“	6	85.7%
‘	1	14.3%

Modifier Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
´	3	75.0%
`	1	25.0%

Other Symbol

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
®	3	75.0%
°	1	25.0%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	41124	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	2116	100.0%

Connector Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
_	9	100.0%

Modifier Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ー	2	100.0%

Format

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	1	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	256863	82.1%
Common	55913	17.9%
Han	96	< 0.1%
Hangul	41	< 0.1%
Arabic	37	< 0.1%
Katakana	20	< 0.1%
Cyrillic	16	< 0.1%
Greek	1	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per script

Han

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
的	3	3.1%
花	2	2.1%
要	2	2.1%
我	2	2.1%
不	2	2.1%
中	2	2.1%
愛	1	1.0%
版	1	1.0%
主	1	1.0%
角	1	1.0%
Other values (79)	79	82.3%

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	29073	11.3%
a	18940	7.4%
o	18724	7.3%
i	16006	6.2%
t	14461	5.6%
n	14373	5.6%
r	12900	5.0%
s	9650	3.8%
l	9621	3.7%
u	7114	2.8%
Other values (73)	106001	41.3%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	41124	73.5%
)	2373	4.2%
(	2373	4.2%
.	2122	3.8%
-	2116	3.8%
'	1507	2.7%
0	555	1.0%
&	511	0.9%
,	506	0.9%
2	490	0.9%
Other values (43)	2236	4.0%

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
일	2	4.9%
가	2	4.9%
다	2	4.9%
물	1	2.4%
눈	1	2.4%
땀	1	2.4%
맛	1	2.4%
간	1	2.4%
빨	1	2.4%
피	1	2.4%
Other values (28)	28	68.3%

Katakana

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ン	2	10.0%
ル	1	5.0%
シ	1	5.0%
グ	1	5.0%
ミ	1	5.0%
ッ	1	5.0%
ク	1	5.0%
ス	1	5.0%
ソ	1	5.0%
ベ	1	5.0%
Other values (9)	9	45.0%

Arabic

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ا	9	24.3%
ج	3	8.1%
ي	3	8.1%
ر	3	8.1%
ل	3	8.1%
د	3	8.1%
ز	2	5.4%
ع	2	5.4%
ك	2	5.4%
و	2	5.4%
Other values (5)	5	13.5%

Cyrillic

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
о	4	25.0%
е	2	12.5%
и	2	12.5%
в	2	12.5%
н	1	6.2%
з	1	6.2%
Р	1	6.2%
г	1	6.2%
л	1	6.2%
к	1	6.2%

Greek

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ύ	1	100.0%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	312212	99.8%
None	490	0.2%
CJK	96	< 0.1%
Punctuation	71	< 0.1%
Hangul	41	< 0.1%
Arabic	37	< 0.1%
Katakana	24	< 0.1%
Cyrillic	16	< 0.1%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	41124	13.2%
e	29073	9.3%
a	18940	6.1%
o	18724	6.0%
i	16006	5.1%
t	14461	4.6%
n	14373	4.6%
r	12900	4.1%
s	9650	3.1%
l	9621	3.1%
Other values (78)	127340	40.8%

None

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
é	105	21.4%
ó	77	15.7%
í	72	14.7%
á	63	12.9%
ñ	47	9.6%
ú	31	6.3%
¿	12	2.4%
ë	8	1.6%
Ü	7	1.4%
ç	5	1.0%
Other values (31)	63	12.9%

Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
’	54	76.1%
“	6	8.5%
”	6	8.5%
•	3	4.2%
	1	1.4%
‘	1	1.4%

Arabic

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ا	9	24.3%
ج	3	8.1%
ي	3	8.1%
ر	3	8.1%
ل	3	8.1%
د	3	8.1%
ز	2	5.4%
ع	2	5.4%
ك	2	5.4%
و	2	5.4%
Other values (5)	5	13.5%

Cyrillic

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
о	4	25.0%
е	2	12.5%
и	2	12.5%
в	2	12.5%
н	1	6.2%
з	1	6.2%
Р	1	6.2%
г	1	6.2%
л	1	6.2%
к	1	6.2%

CJK

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
的	3	3.1%
花	2	2.1%
要	2	2.1%
我	2	2.1%
不	2	2.1%
中	2	2.1%
愛	1	1.0%
版	1	1.0%
主	1	1.0%
角	1	1.0%
Other values (79)	79	82.3%

Katakana

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ン	2	8.3%
・	2	8.3%
ー	2	8.3%
ル	1	4.2%
シ	1	4.2%
グ	1	4.2%
ミ	1	4.2%
ッ	1	4.2%
ク	1	4.2%
ス	1	4.2%
Other values (11)	11	45.8%

Hangul

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
일	2	4.9%
가	2	4.9%
다	2	4.9%
물	1	2.4%
눈	1	2.4%
땀	1	2.4%
맛	1	2.4%
간	1	2.4%
빨	1	2.4%
피	1	2.4%
Other values (28)	28	68.3%

song_popularity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	101
Distinct (%)	0.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	52.99187683

Minimum	0
Maximum	100
Zeros	272
Zeros (%)	1.4%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	8
Q1	40
median	56
Q3	69
95-th percentile	85
Maximum	100
Range	100
Interquartile range (IQR)	29

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	21.90565432
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4133775898
Kurtosis	-0.1691037112
Mean	52.99187683
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	14
Skewness	-0.5014874681
Sum	998102
Variance	479.8576913
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
58	404	2.1%
52	389	2.1%
55	388	2.1%
60	383	2.0%
63	378	2.0%
62	370	2.0%
65	364	1.9%
64	364	1.9%
61	360	1.9%
69	359	1.9%
Other values (91)	15076	80.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	272	1.4%
1	111	0.6%
2	103	0.5%
3	72	0.4%
4	91	0.5%
5	83	0.4%
6	70	0.4%
7	78	0.4%
8	85	0.5%
9	61	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
100	12	0.1%
99	16	0.1%
98	47	0.2%
97	36	0.2%
96	53	0.3%
95	61	0.3%
94	85	0.5%
93	32	0.2%
92	62	0.3%
91	95	0.5%

song_duration_ms
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	11771
Distinct (%)	62.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	218211.5876

Minimum	12000
Maximum	1799346
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	12000
5-th percentile	141586
Q1	184339.5
median	211306
Q3	242844
95-th percentile	313786
Maximum	1799346
Range	1787346
Interquartile range (IQR)	58504.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	59887.54057
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2744471145
Kurtosis	46.70894882
Mean	218211.5876
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	28813
Skewness	3.257477427
Sum	4110015252
Variance	3586517515
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
165000	25	0.1%
180000	21	0.1%
212500	20	0.1%
189000	20	0.1%
179404	19	0.1%
210367	18	0.1%
152000	18	0.1%
192172	17	0.1%
195000	17	0.1%
213309	16	0.1%
Other values (11761)	18644	99.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12000	1	< 0.1%
26186	1	< 0.1%
31373	1	< 0.1%
35920	1	< 0.1%
50014	1	< 0.1%
50508	1	< 0.1%
50573	1	< 0.1%
53066	1	< 0.1%
54539	1	< 0.1%
55213	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1799346	1	< 0.1%
1355938	1	< 0.1%
1233666	1	< 0.1%
1047933	1	< 0.1%
866889	1	< 0.1%
836666	1	< 0.1%
833493	1	< 0.1%
829586	1	< 0.1%
805746	1	< 0.1%
760973	1	< 0.1%

acousticness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	3209
Distinct (%)	17.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.2585390186

Minimum	1.02 × 10^-6
Maximum	0.996
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.02 × 10^-6
5-th percentile	0.000633
Q1	0.0241
median	0.132
Q3	0.424
95-th percentile	0.882
Maximum	0.996
Range	0.99599898
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3999

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.288718909
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.11673244
Kurtosis	-0.09627573825
Mean	0.2585390186
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.126
Skewness	1.071164167
Sum	4869.582415
Variance	0.08335860841
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.13	45	0.2%
0.135	44	0.2%
0.153	43	0.2%
0.102	41	0.2%
0.107	40	0.2%
0.0215	39	0.2%
0.161	38	0.2%
0.141	38	0.2%
0.128	37	0.2%
0.173	36	0.2%
Other values (3199)	18434	97.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.02 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
1.36 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
1.37 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
1.4 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
1.8 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
1.95 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
2.01 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
2.18 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
2.42 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%
2.58 × 10^-6	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.996	15	0.1%
0.995	26	0.1%
0.994	20	0.1%
0.993	22	0.1%
0.992	14	0.1%
0.991	17	0.1%
0.99	13	0.1%
0.989	9	< 0.1%
0.988	10	0.1%
0.987	7	< 0.1%

danceability
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	849
Distinct (%)	4.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.6333480701

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.987
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.354
Q1	0.533
median	0.645
Q3	0.748
95-th percentile	0.876
Maximum	0.987
Range	0.987
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.215

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.156722705
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2474511448
Kurtosis	-0.07479676201
Mean	0.6333480701
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.107
Skewness	-0.3917191172
Sum	11929.1109
Variance	0.02456200626
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.687	73	0.4%
0.694	73	0.4%
0.6	65	0.3%
0.657	65	0.3%
0.757	64	0.3%
0.611	64	0.3%
0.699	62	0.3%
0.646	62	0.3%
0.659	61	0.3%
0.71	59	0.3%
Other values (839)	18187	96.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.0594	1	< 0.1%
0.0617	1	< 0.1%
0.0625	1	< 0.1%
0.066	1	< 0.1%
0.0674	1	< 0.1%
0.0684	1	< 0.1%
0.0722	1	< 0.1%
0.081	1	< 0.1%
0.0812	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.987	1	< 0.1%
0.981	1	< 0.1%
0.98	1	< 0.1%
0.978	3	< 0.1%
0.975	3	< 0.1%
0.972	1	< 0.1%
0.971	1	< 0.1%
0.97	1	< 0.1%
0.969	1	< 0.1%
0.968	2	< 0.1%

energy
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1132
Distinct (%)	6.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.6449947566

Minimum	0.00107
Maximum	0.999
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.00107
5-th percentile	0.237
Q1	0.51
median	0.674
Q3	0.815
95-th percentile	0.941
Maximum	0.999
Range	0.99793
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.305

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2141007564
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3319418557
Kurtosis	-0.1378745539
Mean	0.6449947566
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.151
Skewness	-0.620737507
Sum	12148.47624
Variance	0.0458391339
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.704	62	0.3%
0.63	58	0.3%
0.717	57	0.3%
0.73	53	0.3%
0.786	52	0.3%
0.805	52	0.3%
0.849	51	0.3%
0.694	51	0.3%
0.783	50	0.3%
0.785	49	0.3%
Other values (1122)	18300	97.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.00107	2	< 0.1%
0.00163	1	< 0.1%
0.00205	1	< 0.1%
0.00212	1	< 0.1%
0.00264	1	< 0.1%
0.00266	1	< 0.1%
0.00289	1	< 0.1%
0.00305	1	< 0.1%
0.00344	1	< 0.1%
0.00362	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.999	1	< 0.1%
0.997	3	< 0.1%
0.996	6	< 0.1%
0.995	8	< 0.1%
0.994	10	0.1%
0.993	7	< 0.1%
0.992	8	< 0.1%
0.991	13	0.1%
0.99	19	0.1%
0.989	14	0.1%

instrumentalness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	3925
Distinct (%)	20.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.07800803885

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.997
Zeros	7150
Zeros (%)	38.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	1.14 × 10^-5
Q3	0.00257
95-th percentile	0.782
Maximum	0.997
Range	0.997
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.00257

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2215906093
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.840612488
Kurtosis	7.563664367
Mean	0.07800803885
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.14 × 10^-5
Skewness	2.985176362
Sum	1469.281412
Variance	0.04910239814
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	7150	38.0%
3.33 × 10^-6	37	0.2%
0.00107	21	0.1%
0.00114	20	0.1%
0.000512	18	0.1%
0.00103	17	0.1%
1.16 × 10^-6	17	0.1%
4.91 × 10^-6	16	0.1%
1.07 × 10^-5	16	0.1%
1.03 × 10^-5	16	0.1%
Other values (3915)	11507	61.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	7150	38.0%
1 × 10^-6	2	< 0.1%
1.01 × 10^-6	6	< 0.1%
1.02 × 10^-6	8	< 0.1%
1.03 × 10^-6	8	< 0.1%
1.04 × 10^-6	12	0.1%
1.05 × 10^-6	7	< 0.1%
1.06 × 10^-6	5	< 0.1%
1.07 × 10^-6	9	< 0.1%
1.08 × 10^-6	5	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.997	1	< 0.1%
0.989	1	< 0.1%
0.982	1	< 0.1%
0.979	1	< 0.1%
0.978	1	< 0.1%
0.977	1	< 0.1%
0.975	1	< 0.1%
0.974	1	< 0.1%
0.973	3	< 0.1%
0.972	2	< 0.1%

key
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	12
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5.289195646

Minimum	0
Maximum	11
Zeros	2182
Zeros (%)	11.6%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	2
median	5
Q3	8
95-th percentile	11
Maximum	11
Range	11
Interquartile range (IQR)	6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.614594613
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6833921176
Kurtosis	-1.311465857
Mean	5.289195646
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	-0.00252001974
Sum	99622
Variance	13.06529422
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=12)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2182	11.6%
1	2164	11.5%
7	2032	10.8%
2	1715	9.1%
9	1698	9.0%
11	1600	8.5%
5	1574	8.4%
6	1351	7.2%
8	1349	7.2%
10	1331	7.1%
Other values (2)	1839	9.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2182	11.6%
1	2164	11.5%
2	1715	9.1%
3	512	2.7%
4	1327	7.0%
5	1574	8.4%
6	1351	7.2%
7	2032	10.8%
8	1349	7.2%
9	1698	9.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
11	1600	8.5%
10	1331	7.1%
9	1698	9.0%
8	1349	7.2%
7	2032	10.8%
6	1351	7.2%
5	1574	8.4%
4	1327	7.0%
3	512	2.7%
2	1715	9.1%

liveness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1425
Distinct (%)	7.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.1796503053

Minimum	0.0109
Maximum	0.986
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.0109
5-th percentile	0.0575
Q1	0.0929
median	0.122
Q3	0.221
95-th percentile	0.466
Maximum	0.986
Range	0.9751
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1281

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1439841652
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8014690819
Kurtosis	5.789919007
Mean	0.1796503053
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.042
Skewness	2.215422652
Sum	3383.7135
Variance	0.02073143984
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.108	219	1.2%
0.111	206	1.1%
0.104	197	1.0%
0.106	195	1.0%
0.109	190	1.0%
0.11	188	1.0%
0.102	187	1.0%
0.112	187	1.0%
0.107	186	1.0%
0.101	178	0.9%
Other values (1415)	16902	89.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.0109	1	< 0.1%
0.0119	1	< 0.1%
0.0148	1	< 0.1%
0.0157	1	< 0.1%
0.0186	1	< 0.1%
0.0193	1	< 0.1%
0.0196	3	< 0.1%
0.0206	1	< 0.1%
0.0215	1	< 0.1%
0.0219	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.986	1	< 0.1%
0.984	1	< 0.1%
0.983	1	< 0.1%
0.981	2	< 0.1%
0.979	1	< 0.1%
0.978	2	< 0.1%
0.977	1	< 0.1%
0.975	1	< 0.1%
0.974	1	< 0.1%
0.967	1	< 0.1%

loudness
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	8416
Distinct (%)	44.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	-7.447434669

Minimum	-38.768
Maximum	1.585
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	18828
Negative (%)	> 99.9%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-38.768
5-th percentile	-14.295
Q1	-9.044
median	-6.555
Q3	-4.908
95-th percentile	-3.149
Maximum	1.585
Range	40.353
Interquartile range (IQR)	4.136

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.827831185
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-0.5139798272
Kurtosis	6.522479594
Mean	-7.447434669
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.923
Skewness	-1.929510614
Sum	-140272.432
Variance	14.65229158
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-4.589	24	0.1%
-4.206	20	0.1%
-9.127	19	0.1%
-6.35	18	0.1%
-5.144	18	0.1%
-6.439	18	0.1%
-8.304	17	0.1%
-5.991	17	0.1%
-5.593	17	0.1%
-5.351	17	0.1%
Other values (8406)	18650	99.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-38.768	1	< 0.1%
-36.729	1	< 0.1%
-36.281	1	< 0.1%
-35.449	1	< 0.1%
-35.389	2	< 0.1%
-34.255	1	< 0.1%
-33.929	1	< 0.1%
-33.859	1	< 0.1%
-33.493	1	< 0.1%
-33.246	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.585	1	< 0.1%
1.342	1	< 0.1%
0.878	1	< 0.1%
0.525	1	< 0.1%
0.198	1	< 0.1%
0.119	1	< 0.1%
0.052	1	< 0.1%
-0.257	1	< 0.1%
-0.398	1	< 0.1%
-0.578	1	< 0.1%

audio_mode
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.0 MiB

1	11831
0	7004

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	18835
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	1
2nd row	0
3rd row	1
4th row	1
5th row	1

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	11831	62.8%
0	7004	37.2%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	11831	62.8%
0	7004	37.2%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	11831	62.8%
0	7004	37.2%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	18835	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	11831	62.8%
0	7004	37.2%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	18835	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	11831	62.8%
0	7004	37.2%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	18835	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	11831	62.8%
0	7004	37.2%

speechiness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1224
Distinct (%)	6.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.102099124

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.941
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.0288
Q1	0.0378
median	0.0555
Q3	0.119
95-th percentile	0.334
Maximum	0.941
Range	0.941
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.0812

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1043784804
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.022324936
Kurtosis	6.504976944
Mean	0.102099124
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.0227
Skewness	2.271017971
Sum	1923.037
Variance	0.01089486717
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.0337	66	0.4%
0.032	61	0.3%
0.031	61	0.3%
0.0362	60	0.3%
0.038	59	0.3%
0.0318	58	0.3%
0.0329	58	0.3%
0.0439	56	0.3%
0.0457	55	0.3%
0.0333	55	0.3%
Other values (1214)	18246	96.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.0224	1	< 0.1%
0.0228	4	< 0.1%
0.0229	1	< 0.1%
0.0231	3	< 0.1%
0.0233	2	< 0.1%
0.0234	2	< 0.1%
0.0235	2	< 0.1%
0.0236	4	< 0.1%
0.0238	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.941	1	< 0.1%
0.94	1	< 0.1%
0.936	1	< 0.1%
0.915	1	< 0.1%
0.906	1	< 0.1%
0.894	1	< 0.1%
0.891	2	< 0.1%
0.89	1	< 0.1%
0.869	2	< 0.1%
0.831	2	< 0.1%

tempo
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	12112
Distinct (%)	64.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	121.0731543

Minimum	0
Maximum	242.318
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	79.4165
Q1	98.368
median	120.013
Q3	139.931
95-th percentile	174.1473
Maximum	242.318
Range	242.318
Interquartile range (IQR)	41.563

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	28.71445573
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2371661653
Kurtosis	-0.2175166945
Mean	121.0731543
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	20.049
Skewness	0.4428545765
Sum	2280412.861
Variance	824.5199676
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
125.978	20	0.1%
95.948	19	0.1%
120.013	18	0.1%
97.064	18	0.1%
123.07	17	0.1%
147.055	17	0.1%
89.931	16	0.1%
128.038	16	0.1%
104.053	16	0.1%
118.159	16	0.1%
Other values (12102)	18662	99.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
46.591	1	< 0.1%
47.953	1	< 0.1%
51.607	1	< 0.1%
52.181	1	< 0.1%
54.213	1	< 0.1%
56.983	1	< 0.1%
56.985	1	< 0.1%
57	1	< 0.1%
57.107	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
242.318	1	< 0.1%
216.115	1	< 0.1%
214.686	1	< 0.1%
213.99	1	< 0.1%
213.226	1	< 0.1%
212.137	1	< 0.1%
212.058	1	< 0.1%
211.644	1	< 0.1%
211.357	1	< 0.1%
210.75	1	< 0.1%

time_signature
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	5
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.0 MiB

4	17754
3	772
5	233
1	73
0	3

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	18835
Distinct characters	5
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	4
2nd row	4
3rd row	4
4th row	4
5th row	4

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	17754	94.3%
3	772	4.1%
5	233	1.2%
1	73	0.4%
0	3	< 0.1%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	17754	94.3%
3	772	4.1%
5	233	1.2%
1	73	0.4%
0	3	< 0.1%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	17754	94.3%
3	772	4.1%
5	233	1.2%
1	73	0.4%
0	3	< 0.1%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	18835	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	17754	94.3%
3	772	4.1%
5	233	1.2%
1	73	0.4%
0	3	< 0.1%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	18835	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	17754	94.3%
3	772	4.1%
5	233	1.2%
1	73	0.4%
0	3	< 0.1%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	18835	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	17754	94.3%
3	772	4.1%
5	233	1.2%
1	73	0.4%
0	3	< 0.1%

audio_valence
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1246
Distinct (%)	6.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.5279668755

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.984
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	147.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.132
Q1	0.335
median	0.527
Q3	0.725
95-th percentile	0.924
Maximum	0.984
Range	0.984
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.39

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2446316877
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4633466588
Kurtosis	-0.9776704833
Mean	0.5279668755
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.195
Skewness	-0.01642321694
Sum	9944.2561
Variance	0.05984466264
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.961	71	0.4%
0.964	61	0.3%
0.376	53	0.3%
0.505	53	0.3%
0.591	52	0.3%
0.962	51	0.3%
0.329	48	0.3%
0.493	46	0.2%
0.422	42	0.2%
0.319	42	0.2%
Other values (1236)	18316	97.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.023	1	< 0.1%
0.0243	1	< 0.1%
0.0277	1	< 0.1%
0.0292	2	< 0.1%
0.0301	1	< 0.1%
0.0309	1	< 0.1%
0.0312	1	< 0.1%
0.0316	1	< 0.1%
0.032	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.984	1	< 0.1%
0.982	3	< 0.1%
0.981	2	< 0.1%
0.98	3	< 0.1%
0.979	2	< 0.1%
0.978	5	< 0.1%
0.977	4	< 0.1%
0.976	5	< 0.1%
0.975	6	< 0.1%
0.974	6	< 0.1%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	song_name	song_popularity	song_duration_ms	acousticness	danceability	energy	instrumentalness	key	liveness	loudness	audio_mode	speechiness	tempo	time_signature	audio_valence
0	Boulevard of Broken Dreams	73	262333	0.005520	0.496	0.682	0.000029	8	0.0589	-4.095	1	0.0294	167.060	4	0.474
1	In The End	66	216933	0.010300	0.542	0.853	0.000000	3	0.1080	-6.407	0	0.0498	105.256	4	0.370
2	Seven Nation Army	76	231733	0.008170	0.737	0.463	0.447000	0	0.2550	-7.828	1	0.0792	123.881	4	0.324
3	By The Way	74	216933	0.026400	0.451	0.970	0.003550	0	0.1020	-4.938	1	0.1070	122.444	4	0.198
4	How You Remind Me	56	223826	0.000954	0.447	0.766	0.000000	10	0.1130	-5.065	1	0.0313	172.011	4	0.574
5	Bring Me To Life	80	235893	0.008950	0.316	0.945	0.000002	4	0.3960	-3.169	0	0.1240	189.931	4	0.320
6	Last Resort	81	199893	0.000504	0.581	0.887	0.001110	4	0.2680	-3.659	0	0.0624	90.578	4	0.724
7	Are You Gonna Be My Girl	76	213800	0.001480	0.613	0.953	0.000582	2	0.1520	-3.435	1	0.0855	105.046	4	0.537
8	Mr. Brightside	80	222586	0.001080	0.330	0.936	0.000000	1	0.0926	-3.660	1	0.0917	148.112	4	0.234
9	Sex on Fire	81	203346	0.001720	0.542	0.905	0.010400	9	0.1360	-5.653	1	0.0540	153.398	4	0.374

Last rows

	song_name	song_popularity	song_duration_ms	acousticness	danceability	energy	instrumentalness	key	liveness	loudness	audio_mode	speechiness	tempo	time_signature	audio_valence
18825	Something Familiar	60	145466	0.906	0.491	0.0409	0.000015	0	0.0896	-18.431	1	0.0383	131.053	3	0.2780
18826	Call It Dreaming	67	231760	0.610	0.519	0.5150	0.000057	5	0.1070	-9.448	1	0.0310	80.329	4	0.7140
18827	Stay Awake	55	114582	0.898	0.370	0.1360	0.000263	7	0.0999	-13.528	1	0.0433	146.081	4	0.0592
18828	Build Me Up From Bones	64	216173	0.862	0.515	0.2860	0.000069	5	0.1060	-11.776	1	0.0378	115.076	4	0.2840
18829	I Know	62	195106	0.395	0.644	0.5230	0.000000	4	0.0930	-7.660	1	0.0378	95.966	4	0.4450
18830	Let It Breathe	60	159645	0.893	0.500	0.1510	0.000065	11	0.1110	-16.107	1	0.0348	113.969	4	0.3000
18831	Answers	60	205666	0.765	0.495	0.1610	0.000001	11	0.1050	-14.078	0	0.0301	94.286	4	0.2650
18832	Sudden Love (Acoustic)	23	182211	0.847	0.719	0.3250	0.000000	0	0.1250	-12.222	1	0.0355	130.534	4	0.2860
18833	Gentle on My Mind	55	352280	0.945	0.488	0.3260	0.015700	3	0.1190	-12.020	1	0.0328	106.063	4	0.3230
18834	Up to Me	60	193533	0.911	0.640	0.3810	0.000254	4	0.1040	-11.790	1	0.0302	91.490	4	0.5810

Most frequently occurring

	song_name	song_popularity	song_duration_ms	acousticness	danceability	energy	instrumentalness	key	liveness	loudness	audio_mode	speechiness	tempo	time_signature	audio_valence	# duplicates
586	FEFE (feat. Nicki Minaj & Murda Beatz)	96	179404	0.08800	0.931	0.387	0.000000	1	0.1360	-9.127	1	0.4120	125.978	4	0.376	19
1167	MIA (feat. Drake)	94	210367	0.01430	0.818	0.540	0.000512	6	0.0990	-6.350	0	0.0544	97.064	4	0.174	18
1811	Taki Taki (with Selena Gomez, Ozuna & Cardi B)	98	212500	0.15300	0.841	0.798	0.000003	1	0.0618	-4.206	0	0.2290	95.948	4	0.591	18
1362	No Stylist	91	192172	0.02150	0.765	0.704	0.000000	5	0.2270	-4.589	0	0.1270	147.055	4	0.498	17
561	Electricity (with Dua Lipa)	94	238173	0.01040	0.588	0.670	0.000003	0	0.3380	-6.439	1	0.0473	118.159	4	0.505	16
864	I Love It (& Lil Pump)	99	127946	0.01140	0.901	0.522	0.000000	2	0.2590	-8.304	1	0.3300	104.053	4	0.329	16
1481	Promises (with Sam Smith)	98	213309	0.01190	0.781	0.768	0.000005	11	0.3250	-5.991	1	0.0394	123.070	4	0.486	16
1773	Sunflower - Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse	66	158053	0.54100	0.757	0.501	0.000000	2	0.0718	-5.593	1	0.0466	89.931	4	0.910	16
196	Be Alright	96	196373	0.69700	0.553	0.586	0.000000	11	0.0813	-6.319	1	0.0362	126.684	4	0.443	14
2038	Wake Up in the Sky	92	204664	0.00381	0.800	0.578	0.000000	4	0.3590	-5.144	0	0.0485	143.010	4	0.367	14

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Other Letter

Lowercase Letter

Uppercase Letter

Other Punctuation

Decimal Number

Close Punctuation

Open Punctuation

Currency Symbol

Math Symbol

Final Punctuation

Initial Punctuation

Modifier Symbol

Other Symbol

Space Separator

Dash Punctuation

Connector Punctuation

Modifier Letter

Format

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Han

Latin

Common

Hangul

Katakana

Arabic

Cyrillic

Greek

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

None

Punctuation

Arabic

Cyrillic

CJK

Katakana

Hangul

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Cramér's V (φc)

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample